Which of the following is NOT an RAM activity?

• A. Irregular guard changes.
• B. Roving patrols (varying size/time/routes).
• C. Surprise inspections.
• D. Fixed guard changes.

Answer: (D)

RAM activities rely on unpredictability in how and when security measures are applied, to prevent adversaries from learning and exploiting routines. Irregular guard changes, roving patrols that vary size, time, and routes, and surprise inspections all introduce surprise and variability that disrupt planned actions. Fixed guard changes, by contrast, follow a set, predictable schedule, making coverage easy to anticipate and potentially exploitable. Because it lacks that element of randomness, fixed guard changes are not considered RAM activity.